The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has opened up great opportunities for the Indonesian agricultural sector to increase productivity, efficiency and quality of harvests. One of...

In discussions of charcoal, biochar, and biomass processing, the terms retort tube and pyrolysis are often used together. This can lead to misunderstandings as if a retort is...

Charcoal and biochar are often considered the same material because they are both black, come from biomass, and have a high carbon content. However, functionally and...

The increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves due to global climate change poses a serious threat to the sustainability of the agricultural sector. The phenomenon of extreme heat is not just...

Organic material is an important component in maintaining the quality and productivity of agricultural land. The presence of organic materials not only functions as a source of nutrients for...

Soil is one of the fundamental components in the agricultural system because it functions as a medium for plant growth as well as an ecosystem that supports various biological processes....